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Tuesday 29 December 2015

Scientist of the day - Niels Bohr

Niels Bohr (1885-1962)

Niels Bohr completely transformed our view of the atom and of the world. Realizing that classical physics fails catastrophically when things are atom-sized or smaller, he remodeled the atom so electrons occupied ‘allowed’ orbits around the nucleus while all other orbits were forbidden. In doing so he founded quantum mechanics.
Later, as a leading architect of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, he helped to completely reshape our understanding of how nature operates at the atomic-scale.

Beginnings

Niels Henrik David Bohr was born on October 7, 1885 in Denmark’s capital city, Copenhagen. He was the second of three children in a prosperous, upper-class family.
His father was Christian Bohr, a brilliant physiology professor who would later be nominated twice for a Nobel Prize. His mother was Ellen Adler, daughter of a wealthy Danish politician.
His father had been raised in a Lutheran family and his mother in a Jewish family. Niels was baptized as a Lutheran at the age of six to please one of his grandmothers. Neither his father nor his mother practiced their religions.
Niels’ parents were deeply passionate about their children’s education. Niels was taught at home until he started formal schooling aged 7 at the Gammelholm Grammar School. The school was both an elementary and high school. It had strict discipline and expected its students to work hard.
His father would bring home a variety of his fellow professors from the University of Copenhagen and the Bohr children were allowed to listen to the conversations, which were wide-ranging, discussing science, philosophy and the arts.


Physics especially interested Niels and by the time he was a teenager he was correcting the mistakes in his schools’ textbooks. In addition to his intellectual vigor, he was also unusually strong physically. He didn’t just correct textbooks; he would also ‘correct’ other students, getting into fights at school, which he usually won.
Although he would eventually become one of the world’s greatest theoretical physicists, he was talented in a practical way with his hands. He and his younger brother would spend hours making things in their father’s workshop.
His father saw that Niels had the potential to become an outstanding scientist. However, neither he nor his mother wished Niels to grow up with narrow interests. They ensured he was well-educated culturally and in sports.
His father was particularly enthusiastic about the works of the German author Goethe and would regularly recite large tracts of Faust to his children. His father was also loved soccer and encouraged his sons to play at school and university. Niels became a goalkeeper, while his younger brother Harald went on to play for Denmark on the international stage, winning an Olympic silver medal.

Niels Bohr’s Contributions to Science

  • A New Way of Thinking about Atoms
  • Bohr Sheds New Light on an old Problem
  • The Founding of Quantum Chemistry
  • Bohr Pushes our Understanding of the Atom Forward by a Quantum Leap


Nobel Prize

Bohr was awarded the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics for the work he did in 1913.

Some Personal Details and the End

In 1912, Bohr married Margrethe Nørlund in Copenhagen. They had six sons, one of whom, Aage Bohr would emulate his father by winning a Nobel Prize in Physics.
Niels Bohr died aged 77 of sudden heart failure in his home in Copenhagen on November 18, 1962. His ashes were buried in Copenhagen’s Assistens Cemetery near the graves of his parents and his brother Harald. Margrethe’s ashes were also buried there when she died.

Wednesday 23 December 2015

Eid-Milad Un Nabi- Christamas - Good Governance Day






Kisan Diwas (Farmers Day)




23rd December – Kisan Diwas

( Ch. Charan Singh Birth Anniversary)



Farmers Are The Backbone Of India


Chaudhary Charan Singh Jayanti the birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan Singh is on December 23rd. Chaudhary Charan Singh was the fifth Prime Minister of India. He was the Prime Minister of India from 28 July 1979 to 14 January 1980. He was the firm believer of this fact that farmers are the backbone of this country. He was primarily a farmer himself and his personal life-style was extremely simple. Chaudhary Charan Singh was a son of the soil and his efforts towards the improvement of an Indian farmer are unparalleled. Chaudhary Sahab is credited for a slew of agrarian reforms and new policies being introduced in the country. His peasantry background helped him understand real problems of the farmers.
His sincere appeal and magnetic persona garnered all the farmers against the moneylenders and landlords. He was a prolific writer and penned his thoughts on farmers, their problems and solutions. Members of the rural community and farmers organize agricultural shows and pay tribute to their beloved leader on Kisan Diwas. New policies concerned with agriculture, farming, seeds etc are announced by the government to reciprocate the hard labor of Indian farmers.

Kisan Diwas: Chaudhary Sahab’s Birthday

His birthday is observed as Kisan Divas or National Farmer’s day. Since, farmers are the backbone of an economy therefore our nation celebrates Farmers Day in the memory of late Ch. Charan Singh. On this occasion, farmer seminars will be organized at the district and block levels.  Cutting across party lines, Political leaders will come to Kisan Ghat to pay their tributes to fifth PM of India on his birth anniversary. Late in 2001, Indian Government had decided to observe 23 December every year as Kisan Diwas (Farmers Day). Several exhibitions and workshops will be organized on this day by the government as well as rural development associations to ensure development in agriculture. Agriculture extension officers and agricultural scientists interact with farmers in villages and provide them information about the latest agriculture insurance schemes.
Kisan Diwas is an acknowledgement of his vision of a strong and independent Indian farmer.

Late Chaudhary Charan Singh – One True Kisan Leader:

  • The Jat icon, Chaudhary Sahab belonged to a peasant family which made him relate himself with basic needs and problems of farmers.
  • He battled against the collectivist land-use policies of Jawaharlal Nehru to save Indian farmers.
  • He brought together all the farmers against the landlords and moneylenders.
  • He articulated the Zamindari Abolition Act.
  • The Agricultural Produce Market Bill was introduced by him to guard the welfare of farmers against the avarice of dealers.

Know About Chaudhary Sahab’s Karmbhoomi – Baraut

Chaudhary Sahab was a true kisan leader and the whole country remembers this great leader on his birthday. People of western uttar Pradesh have a special bond with this kisan leader. This is the part of earth on which this leader had sowed the seed of farmer’s welfare. He had walked on this soil and reached to the top most position of India. His political growth was witnessed by the elders of this area.
His son Chaudhary Ajit Singh had also won his MP seat from this area so many times because the people in this area have true respect for chaudhary sahab and sees his image in his son. Now, as the chief of Rashtriya lok dal, Chaudhary Ajit Singh is contributing in the welfare of farmer’s and stepping ahead in the path of his father. Although in last election, RLD was not being able to win any seat, yet the support for this political group is really huge among farmers. People can’t forget contribution of Chaudhary Charan Singh and they are having high hopes in his grand son Chaudhary Jayant Singh. Jayant is working for the welfare of farmers and doing well in gaining confidence of farmers of this area.
We would conclude this post just by this one line;
People are obliged by that true kisan leader and searching for someone who can really bear his torch…..

Tuesday 22 December 2015

National Mathematics Day





Srinivasa Ramanujan
22 Dec. 1887 - 26 Apr.1920
December 22 - National Mathematics Day

In India, the day 'December 22' has been declared as the National Mathematics Day. The declaration was made by Prime Minister of India, during the inaugural ceremony of the celebrations to mark the 125th birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan held at the Madras University Centenary Auditorium on 26 February 2012. Dr Manmohan Singh also announced that the year 2012 CE would be celebrated as the National Mathematics Year.
The Indian mathematical genius Srinivasa Ramanujan was born on 22 December 1887 (Erode, Tamil Nadu) and died on 26 April 1920. It was in recognition of his contribution to mathematics the Government of India decided to celebrate Ramanujan's birthday as the National Mathematics Day every year and to celebrate 2012 as the National Mathematical Year.

Monday 21 December 2015

Handloom Week




Agencies like EDI, ACASH, NHDC, Weavers Service Centres, State Handloom Development Corporations and Federation have all put up these Expos throughout the country during the Handloom Week ’09.

Besides, each Weavers’ Service Centre and regional offices of NHDC shall organize various awareness programmes, buyer-sellers meet, dyeing & design workshop, health camps etc. HEPC shall also organize workshops at Panipat and Chennai.

Recently, the President of India Smt Pratibha Devisingh Patil had released a set of four special postage stamps on Traditional Indian Textiles at Rashtrapati Bhavan. These stamps denote four stamps of denomination worth Rs. 5/- each depicts Varanasi Brocade, Kanchipuram Silk, Kalamkari and Apa Tani Weaves, the famed traditional Indian handloom textiles.

Ministry of Textiles, Office of the Development Commissioner (Handlooms) and Textiles Committee, Mumbai are making special efforts for development of handlooms in India, which require not only institutional by consumer support and hand holding.

Such efforts to develop and market traditional Indian handloom textiles and silks by conducting expos, buyer-seller meets, reverse buyer-seller meets, trade fairs etc., will go in a long way in its branding and promotion, which are known for weavers’ creativity and artistry besides displaying making eco friendliness and competitively priced products.

Weavers from all parts of the country will display their creations in cotton, silk (eri, muga, tassar, mulberry) other natural blends and get direct opportunity to interact with buyers from within India and abroad.These products are tagged with Handloom Mark indicating that they are made by hand looms and not powerlooms, and are genuine. 

Products to be showcased will comprise of handloom and silk sarees, garments, gamchas, shawls, stoles, scarves, dupattas, other readymades, home furnishings including bedsheets and covers, fabrics, carpets, durries, rugs and mats, kitchen linen, hand towels and napkins etc.

Notably, only those products displaying Handloom Mark will be put up on display indicating their genuiness and origin.

Monday 14 December 2015

National Energy Conservation Day



National energy conservation day is celebrated every year by the people all over the India on 14thof December. The Energy Conservation Act in India was executed by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) in the year 2001. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency is a constitutional body which comes under Government of India and helps in the development of policies and strategies in order to reduce the energy use.
What is the Energy Conservation?
National energy conservation day in India is celebrated to aware people about the importance of energy as well as saving or conserving the more energy by using less energy. The exact means of energy conservation is using less energy by avoiding the unnecessary uses of energy. Using energy efficiently is very necessary to save it for the future usage. Energy conservation should be rooted in the behavior of every human being to get more effect towards the plan of energy conservation.

Objectives of National Energy Conservation Day
National energy conservation day is celebrated every year using particular theme of the year by keeping in mind some goals and objectives to make more effective all over the country among people. Some of the important goals are:
It is celebrated to send the message of importance of conserving energy in the every walk of life among people.
Promoting the way of process of energy conservation by organizing a lot of events such as discussions, conferences, debates, workshops, competitions and etc all through the country.
Promote people for less energy usage by neglecting the excessive and wasteful uses.
Encourage people for efficient energy use in order to decrease the energy consumption and prevent the energy loss.

Friday 11 December 2015

International Mountain Day





Background

The International Year of Mountains was held in 2002 and with the aim of raising awareness and triggering action on issues relating to sustainable mountain development. The leading agency was the Food and Agriculture Organization. The International Year of Mountains was launched at the headquarters of the United Nations in New York on December 11, 2001.
On December 20, 2002, as the International Year of Mountains drew to a close, the UN designated December 11 as International Mountain Day and encouraged the international community to organize events to highlight the importance of sustainable mountain development on this date. International Mountain Day was first observed on December 11, 2003. Each year International Mountain Day has a particular theme. Previous themes have focused on freshwater, peace, biodiversity or climate change.

Symbols

The symbol of International Mountain Day consists of three equilateral triangles, each orientated with two points on a single imaginary horizontal line and one point directed upwards. The triangles are mainly black and represent mountains. The triangle on the left has a blue "diamond" shape at the top, representing ice or snow at the top of a mountain. The middle triangle has an orange circle at its center, representing resources that are mined from inside mountains. The triangle on the right has a small green triangle at its lower right-hand point.
This represents the crops that grow on mountains. Under the three triangles is a black stripe containing the words "11 December" and the words "International Mountain Day" in two shades of United Nations' use of the color blue. The symbol of International Mountain Day is based on the symbol for the International Year of Mountains (2002).

Saturday 5 December 2015

World Soil Day


One annual celebration you might be forgiven for not participating in (or even knowing about) is World Soil Day. Yes, soil—as in that sticky brown stuff that gets walked all over your prized cream carpets. Sadly, it is our ignorance about the importance of soil and the degree to which we take advantage of all that it offers that have led to a drastic reduction in its quality the world over. These are precisely the problems World Soil Day aims to battle, as few things could be more important to us, the inhabitants of Planet Earth, who could never hope to survive without the land. Soil is one without a doubt of the most significant parts of the ecosystem, contributing to our food, water and energy and playing an important part in reducing the impact of climate change. For all of these reasons, it’s high time World Soil Day became known to more people than just scientists concerned about the welfare of our planet.

The History of World Soil Day
In 2002, the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) made a resolution proposing the 5th of December be World Soil Day in order to celebrate the importance of soil as a critical component of the natural system and as a vital contributor to human well-being. 2015 was also declared to be the Internationals Year of Soils in hopes of raising as much awareness as possible about the enormous role soil plays in food security. Unsurprisingly, so far it’s mostly been the global community of 60,000 or so soil scientists who have been the ones celebrating the day the most. The chances of us ordinary folk exchanging ‘Happy Soil Day’ cards in the near future remain minimal, but that doesn’t mean we can’t learn to appreciate the important roles that soil plays in our lives (even if it is darn hard to scrub off the carpet when your nearest and dearest feline friends leave muddy footprints on their way to the kitchen).

How to Celebrate World Soil Day
The best way to celebrate this day is to do exactly what scientists the world over so badly need s to: educate ourselves. An enormous amount of damage is done to the planet every year due not to ill will, but to ignorance—many of us simply do not know enough about the earth to know when we are damaging it, sometimes irreparably. A it turns out, there are a number of things we regular people can do that can greatly help the soil we live off of remain in good condition. For example, we can plant a rain garden. For those of you who may not know what a rain garden is, it’s a shallow depression in the yard or garden rain water can easily flow into, which helps reduce soil erosion. It is also a good idea to reduce the amount of surfaces such as driveways and patios to a minimum, as water flowing over them gains momentum and causes more erosion than it normall would once it reaches the soil. If you absolutley must have that patio, you could consider having it built with paving stones so rainwater can flow directly downward into the soil instead. Another simple way you could go about conserving soil (and in this case, water as well) is to have a rain barrel placed somewhere where it can collect rainwater flowing off your roof, which you can then use to water your lawn. Whatever you decide to do, remember that even the smallest gestures can make a big difference to Mother Nature!

Friday 4 December 2015

Navy Day in India 2015



Theme of 2015 is “Indian Navy – Ensuring Secure Seas for a Resurgent Nation.”

Navy Day in India

Navy day in India is observed on 4th of December every year to celebrate the magnificence, achievements and role of the naval force to the country. Indian navy is the marine branch (means naval branch) of the India’s armed forces which led by the President of India as a Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Navy. The Maratha emperor, Chhatarpati Shivaji Bhosle of the 17th century is considered as “Father of the Indian Navy”.

Navy of the India plays a great role in securing the marine borders of the country as well as enhancing the international relations of India through many ways like seaport visits, joint exercises, humanitarian missions, calamity relief and etc. Modern Indian navy has as undergone speedy renovation in order to improve the position of navy to the Indian Ocean region. According to the report, the strength of the Indian Navy includes of 58,350 personnel, an aircraft carrier, a big transport dock, 15 frigates, 8 guided missile destroyers, 24 corvettes, 13 conventional submarines, 1 nuclear attack submarine, 30 patrol vessels, 7 mine countermeasure vessels including variety of auxiliary ships.

Navy Day 2015

Navy Day 2015 in India would be celebrated at Friday, on 4th of December.

Navy Day Celebration

India would celebrate the 42nd anniversary of the Indian navy this year (2013) on 4th of December in order to remember the daredevil attack on the naval base of Pakistan, at Karachi. In order to celebrate this occasion, the Western Naval Command of the Indian navy (headquarter is Mumbai) bring their ships and sailors for making the celebration excellent.
All the activities which to be conducted on the celebration of the event are planned by the eastern Naval Command at Visakhapatnam. Wreath laying ceremony is held at the war memorial (at RK Beach) followed by the operational demonstration to show the potential and resourcefulness of the naval submarines, ships, aircrafts and unique forces. Various aircrafts are shown by flying over the RK Beach that’s why people are requested by the authorities to keep the beach clean and litter free (avoid throwing food items) to keep away the birds in that particular area for smooth demonstration of the aircraft (as presence of birds in the sky because of food items may cause hazards to the aircraft).

Why Navy Day is Celebrated

Navy Day in India is celebrated to commemorate the courageous attack on the Karachi harbor during the Indo-Pakistan war (at 4th of December in the year 1971) by the Indian Naval Missile boats as well as to reverence all the martyrs of that war. It is celebrated using a particular theme (like “Safe Seas and Secure Coasts for a strong Nation”) of the year for making it more powerful and potent.
A community service for the navy of India is conducted by the Naval Institute of Aeronautical Technology (NIAT) from 24th of November to the 26th of November at Good Hope Old Age Home, Fort Kochi in which the students from the Navy Children School Chair take parts to entertain the inmates and Naval doctors (from INHS Sanjivani) provides medical checkup to the inmates. Navy Ball, Navy Queen contests including the Navy fest are held to celebrate the navy day.

At this day the warships and aircrafts of the Indian naval are open to the visitors such as school children.  The Military Photo Exhibition is also performed by photojournalists of the Ernakulum in the Navy fest.