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Wednesday 30 November 2016

Computer Security Day




COMPUTER SECURITY DAY

Computer Security Day is observed annually on November 30.
Identity theft, fake frauds, ransomware viruses and more can make our online experiences challenging.

HOW TO OBSERVE
Here is a checklist you can follow to help secure your computer.
  • Windows Update is enabled.
  • Antivirus software is installed and running.
  • Windows Firewall is turned on.
  • The software on my computer is up to date.
  • Strong passwords are always used.
  • Passwords are not shared or written down.
  • A password is required to access my computer.
  • Unused programs are removed.
  • My home wireless network is secured.
  • My important data is regularly backed up.
  • I use caution when I browse the Internet.
  • I log off the computer when I’m not using it.
  • My web browser does not store or remember my passwords.
  • Temporary Internet files are periodically removed.
HISTORY
The first Computer Security Day was in 1988 started by the Association for Computer Security to raise awareness concerning computer security issues.

Saturday 19 November 2016

National Library Week Competitions Winners

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International Mens Day & World Toilet Day






World Toilet Day

World Toilet Day is a United Nations (UN) observance, on November 19, that highlights a serious problem – 2.5 billion people in the world do not have access to proper sanitation. 

Celebrate World Toilet Day


Each year thousands of people join in on promoting World Toilet Day via social media campaigns, online petitions, and by getting involved in a range of events held in different countries worldwide.

About World Toilet Day


The provision of proper toilets could save the lives of more than 200,000 children in the world, according to the UN. The countries where open defecation is most widely practiced are the same countries with the highest numbers of under-five child deaths, high levels of under-nutrition and poverty, and large wealth disparities. Moreover, over one billion people defecate in the open due to lack of proper toilet facilities.

International organizations, particularly the World Toilet Organization, have promoted World Toilet Day for years. In 2013, the UN officially recognized November 19 as World Toilet Day in a bid to make sanitation for all a global development priority. It deemed the practice of open-air defecation as “extremely harmful” to public health.

Did You Know?


More people in the world have a mobile phone than a toilet. Of the world’s seven billion people, six billion have mobile phones. However, only 4.5 billion have access to toilets or latrines – meaning that 2.5 billion people, mostly in rural areas, do not have proper sanitation.


International Men's Day 
 International Men's Day is an event celebrated on 19 November every year since 1999. The main objectives of the event are promotion of the men's and boys' health and safety, tackling our tolerance of violence against men and boys, promoting gender equality and highlighting positive male role models. It is also a chance to appreciate men's achievements and contributions to community, family, marriage, and child care. It can be seen as a counterpart of International Women's Day celebrated on 8 March. 


International Men's Day (IMD) was inaugurated in 1999 in Trinidad and Tobago. Since then it became more and more popular with over 60 countries celebrating it, including including Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Australia, India, China, United States, Romania, Singapore, Malta, United Kingdom, South Africa, Hungary, Ireland, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Austria, Ukraine, France, Italy, Pakistan, Cuba.




Saturday 12 November 2016

NATIONAL LIBRARY WEEK - 2016


World Pneumonia Day

World Pneumonia Day takes place on November 12, 2016. World Pneumonia Day provides an annual forum for the world to stand together and demand action in the fight against pneumonia. Pneumonia is a preventable and treatable disease that sickens 155 million children under 5 and kills 1.6 million each year. This makes pneumonia the number 1 killer of children under 5, claiming more young lives than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined. Yet most people are unaware of pneumonia's overwhelming death toll. Because of this pneumonia has been overshadowed as a priority on the global health agenda, and rarely receives coverage in the news media. World Pneumonia Day helps to bring this health crisis to the public's attention and encourages policy makers and grassroots organizers alike to combat the disease. In spite of the massive death toll of this disease, affordable treatment and prevention options exist. There are effective vaccines against the two most common causes of deadly pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae type B and Streptococcus pneumoniae. A course of antibiotics which costs less than $1(US) is capable of curing the disease if it is started early enough. The Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia (GAPP) released by the WHO and UNICEF on World Pneumonia Day, 2009, finds that 1 million children's lives could be saved every year if prevention and treatment interventions for pneumonia were widely introduced in the world's poorest countries.

Thursday 10 November 2016

Scientist of the day - Ernst Otto Fischer

Ernst Otto Fischer was a German chemist and educator who was jointly awarded the ‘Nobel Prize in Chemistry’ in 1973 along with English chemist Geoffrey Wilkinson for their independent but related leading-edge work in metallocenes and other aspects in the field of organometallic chemistry. This pioneering work of Fischer included identifying an entirely new technique of combining organic substances and metals. He examined a newly developed organometallic compound ferrocene (chemical formula - Fe(C5H5)2) and came to the conclusion that it is composed of two carbon rings each of five sides, bound on opposite sides of an iron atom. Moving on he began synthesizing other metallocenes like cobaltocene and nickelocene. These organometallic compounds are also called ‘sandwich compounds’. After obtaining PhD from the ‘Technical University of Munich’ he went on to become a Lecturer of Chemistry at the university. His career advanced steadily that saw him holding the position of a Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the ‘University of Munich’, subsequently becoming the Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the ‘Technical University of Munich’ and finally holding the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the ‘Technical University of Munich’. Apart from the ‘Nobel Prize’ he was the recipient of the ‘Göttingen Academy Prize for Chemistry’ in 1957 and the ‘GCS Alfred Stock Memorial Prize’ in 1959.
Childhood & Early Life
  • He was born on November 10, 1918, in Solln near Munich, Germany, to Dr. Karl Tobias Fischer and his wife, Valentine Danzer as their third child. His father was a Professor of Physics at the ‘Technical College of Munich’.
  • He attended elementary school for four years and then enrolled at the ‘Theresiengymnasium’, the oldest grammar school in Munich in 1929 from where he completed his graduation in 1937 with Abitur.
  • While he was on his two years of compulsory military service, the ‘World War II’ started that saw him serving in France, Poland and Russia.
  • He started studying chemistry at the ‘Technical University of Munich’ during the later part of 1941 while he was on a military study leave. After the Americans released him in the autumn of 1945, he resumed his studies in 1946 following reopening of the ‘Technical University of Munich’ and completed BS in Chemistry from the university in 1949.
  • He was inducted in the Inorganic Chemistry Institute at the ‘Technical University of Munich’ as a scientific assistant of Professor Walter Hieber, who was considered father of metal carbonyl chemistry. Under the guidance of Hieber, Fischer worked on his doctoral thesis titled ‘The Mechanisms of Carbon Monoxide Reactions of Nickel (II) Salts in the Presence of Dithionites and Sulfoxylates’ and earned PhD in 1952.
  • Accepting invitation of Hieber, he continued his research work at the college and went on to focus his studies on transition of metal and organometallic chemistry. Through his university lecture thesis, ‘The Metal Complexes of Cyclopentadienes and Indenes’, he pointed out that the molecular structure of ferrocene assumed by Pauson and Keally might be incorrect.
Awards & Achievements
  • He received the ‘Nobel Prize in Chemistry’ in 1973 along with English chemist Geoffrey Wilkinson.
Personal Life & Legacy
  • Fischer never married in his life.
  • He passed away on July 23, 2007, in Munich, Germany, at the age of 88 years.

Tuesday 8 November 2016

World Radiography Day

It's World Radiography Day - 24 hours in the year that is dedicated to celebrating the work done by all radiographers around the world. 

So what is radiography, exactly?  Well there are two kinds: a type of radiography that diagnoses a disease or condition and the type that is theraputic.
 
A diagnostic radiographer has to work with special imaging equipment that allows them to see what's going on.  There are several types, most of which you'll have heard of! 

The x-ray looks through your bones, cavities and any foreign objects that might have found their way into your system.  A fluoroscopy takes a real-time picture of the digestive system; an MRI scan builds a 2D or 3D map of the tissue in your body; and an angiography looks into the blood vessels in your body.  They've got it all covered! 

The ultrasound is probably one of the most commonly known methods of radiography.  Because it's how radiographers can check how a developing baby is getting on - and is used to check for soon-to-be parents that their little one's heartbeat and everything else is working as it should be.
So what about the theraputic radiographer?  Or as they more known as - radiotherapy radiographers.  Try saying that ten times! 

Radiotherapy is used to treat patients with cancer.   Over a period of time x-ray and iodine radiation doses are delivered to the patient - and has been successful on several occasions in saving lives.
For both the radiographers need to know what they're doing!  And that means having a sound knowledge of technology, the anatomy of the human body - and physiology - and pathology!  Phew!